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Ziaur Rahman ((ベンガル語:জিয়াউর রহমান) ''Ji-yaur Rôhman''; 19 January 1936〔 – 30 May 1981) was an army general who served as the 7th President of Bangladesh from 21 April 1977 until his assassination on 30 May 1981. Zia was a leader of the Bangladesh Forces during the country's liberation war from Pakistan in 1971. He had broadcast the Bangladeshi declaration of independence. He also led the Z Force brigade. After the war, Zia became the deputy chief of the Bangladesh Army. He rose to power after the country's first military coup on 15 August 1975, in which Sheikh Mujib was killed. A series of counter-coups resulted in Zia gaining ''de facto'' power as head of the army under martial law. He took over the presidency in 1977. As President, Zia founded the Bangladesh Nationalist Party. He reinstated multi-party politics and free markets. Zia became a popular Third World leader for his efforts to stabilize Bangladesh and championing issues affecting decolonized nations. He improved Bangladesh's relations with the West, China and the Muslim world, and departed from Sheikh Mujib's close alignment with India and the Soviet Union. Domestically, Zia faced as many as twenty one coup attempts. He was criticized for passing the Indemnity Act and removing the ban on religion-based political parties. Zia was awarded the high gallantry award of Bir Uttom in 1972 for his wartime services. He retired from the Bangladesh Army as a Lieutenant General. His party, the BNP, became one of the two dominant political parties of Bangladesh. His wife Khaleda Zia, a former prime minister, is the current Chairperson of the BNP. ==Early life== Ziaur Rahman, popularly known as Zia (জিয়া), was the second son of Mansur Rahman and Jahanara Khatun. His father was a chemist who specialised in paper and ink chemistry and worked for a government department at Writer's Building in Kolkata. As a child Ziaur Rahman, nicknamed Komol, was reserved, shy, quietly spoken, and intense in many respects. He was raised in a village named Bagbari, in Bogra, British India. In 1946, Mansur Rahman enrolled Zia for a short stint in one of the leading boys schools of Calcutta, Hare School, where Zia studied until the dissolution of the British Empire in South Asia and creation of India in 1947. With the Partition of India, Mansur Rahman exercised his option to become a citizen of a Muslim majority Pakistan and in August 1947 moved to Karachi the first capital of Pakistan located in Sindh, West Pakistan. Zia, at the age of 11, had become a student in class six at the Academy School in Karachi in 1947. Zia spent his adolescent years in Karachi and by age 16 completed his secondary education from that School in 1952. In 1953, Zia was admitted into the D.J. College in Karachi. In the same year he joined the Pakistan Military Academy at Kakul as an officer cadet. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ziaur Rahman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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